摘要：

Interest in, and research on botanical insecticides has surged since 2000 according to a recent bibliographic analysis of scientific literature. Thousands of papers have now been published documenting the bioactivities of botanicals such as neem (from Azadirachta indica), various plant essential oils, and innumerable plant extracts to insects and related pests, although the majority of these simply report screening studies and other observations made within the confines of laboratories. In contrast, with few exceptions, little of this knowledge has been translated to practice, i.e., utilized directly by farmers for pest management. What, then, are the prerequisites to realizing the benefits of botanical insecticides, particularly for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa?

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