摘要：

Estrogen stimulates proliferation of the ductal tissue in the breast, of the glands and stroma of the endometrium, and of the granulosa cells in the ovary. Habit has settled oncologists with the idea that estrogen is directly mitogenic; after all, it has been defined from the beginning by bioassays (vaginal exfoliation and uterotropic response) that depend on mitotic activity. Moreover, its action on normal human endometrium is assessed by finding glandular and stromal mitoses [1]. The mitogenic action of estrogen has never been satisfactorily demonstrated in vitro , however, and the possibility exists that its mitogenic action may be indirect [2, 3, 4].

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