摘要：

Lactation can be regarded as the final phase of the reproduction cycle in mammals, since most mammalian species deliver their infants in an immature state before they are able to feed themselves. During lactation, the neonate advances in physiological independence until its gastrointestinal tract, kidney function and immune system have matured far enough to permit survival. Adequate lactation is therefore of crucial importance for survival of any mammalian species.

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