摘要：

The C—B bond of organoboronic acids is totally covalent and therefore inert to ionic reactions; however, the nucleophilic-ity of organic groups attached to a boron atom is enhanced significantly by quaternarization with an anionic ligand. Thus, tetracoordinated ate complexes have been used successfully for most nucleophilic addition and coupling reactions of organoboron compounds, including metal-catalyzed reactions of organoboronic acids. Although the in situ preparation of such complexes from an organoborane and a base is most common, the method has limitations. Therefore, attempts have been made to prepare stable ate complexes. Air- and water-stable trifluoroborates M[RBF3] (M = K, NR4)are typical compounds that exist as pure and water-stable crystalline materials and have advantages over boronic acids in terms of their preparation and handling.

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