摘要：

Nephrotoxic serum (NTS) nephritis occurs in three stages: inflammation, early kidney damage, and severe kidney damage. We quantified the temporal changes in the enantiomers of lactate (LA) and 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) in serum and urine during the progression of autoimmune kidney damage in mice with NTS nephritis. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional HPLC were used to quantify the enantiomers. The serum and urinary levels of LA and 3HB enantiomers significantly changed during the progression of NTS nephritis. Specifically, D-LA was significantly higher in the serum (131.8 +/- 30.6, 123.7 +/- 27.2, 109.3 +/- 15.6 vs. 51.2 +/- 7.5 mu M; p < 0.05) and urine (222.2 +/- 34.8, 197.4 +/- 53.9, 214.8 +/- 68.9 vs. 100.8 +/- 37.7 mu mol/g creatinine; p < 0.05) of the week 0 (W0), week 1 (W1), and week 2 (W2) groups than the normal group. The L-3HB/D-3HB ratio was significantly lower in the W0, W0, and W2 groups than the normal group in serum (0.0362 +/- 0.0082, 0.0346 +/- 0.0065, 0.0323 +/- 0.0033 vs. 0.0602 +/- 0.0214; p < 0.05) and urine (0.0591 +/- 0.0304, 0.1524 +/- 0.0365, 0.1232 +/- 0.1066 vs. 0.3273 +/- 0.1394; p < 0.05). The changes in serum and urinary D-LA and L-3HB/D-3HB ratios were stable before severe kidney damage. In conclusion, we successfully determined the levels of LA and 3HB enantiomers in NTS nephritis by HPLC. Serum and urinary D-LA contents and L-3HB/D-3HB ratios may have potential as biomarkers of early autoimmune kidney injury. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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