摘要：

Abrasive water jet machining produces large quantities of spent abrasive particles, typically discarded due to their heterogeneous composition, comprising both metallic and non-metallic components that vary with the processed material. However, these particles can be repurposed for engineering applications. This study utilized spent abrasive particles as filler materials at 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% by weight in an epoxy resin matrix to fabricate kenaf fiber-reinforced hybrid polymer composites. The tribological properties of the composites were systematically analyzed to identify optimal conditions for minimizing wear rate and friction. Pin-on-disc wear tests were performed using a standard tribometer at sliding velocities of 1 m/s, 2 m/s, and 3 m/s, under loads of 5 N, 10 N, and 15 N, over a constant sliding distance of 800 m. Results showed a minimum wear rate of 0.0108 mm3/m and a minimum coefficient of friction of 0.0581 for composites with 7.5 wt.% filler at a 5 N load and 1 m/s sliding velocity. Worn samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy to explore the dominant wear mechanism. The inclusion of spent abrasive particles significantly improved tribological performance by enhancing wear resistance and modifying frictional behavior through improved interfacial bonding in the polymer matrix.

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