摘要：

Pharmacognostic investigation of fresh, powdered and anatomical sections of leaf, stem and root of Anthocleistadjalonensis (Loganiaceae) were carried out to determine its macromorphological, micromorphological, chemomicro-morphological, numerical and phytochemical profile. The macromorphological parts revealed a simple, glabrous and leathery leaf that is oblong - elliptical to obovate - elliptical with cordate base, rounded apex, with an entire margin. The root is light brown in colour with hard and brittle texture while the stem is cream in colour with grey hair bark and hard and brittle texture. The micromorphology of the powdered plant shows warty walled epidermal cells, paracytic stomata, tracheid fibres, pitted vessel, T - shaped hair, single fibre with moderately thickened walls and calcium of oxalate erystals associated with lignified fibres were found in the leaf. Stellate trichome with multicellular arms, starch granules, single fibre with moderately thickened walls, unicellular trichome, parenchyma cells, fragments of cork cells and fibrous sclereids were found in the stem while that of root showed cork of thin walled cells, bundle of fibres with calcium oxalate crystals, starch grain and tracheid fibre. Chemomicroscopical analysis or investigation revealed the presence of cellulose, lignin, starch, suberized wall, fibres, secretory cells and ducts, calcium oxalate crystals, and tannis for leaf and stem while the root shows presence of cellulose, starch fibres, secretory cells and ducts and calcium oxalate crystals. The result of the analytical standards of the powdered leaves, stem and root gave moisture content of 8.50, 5.00 and 6.50 %; total ash 11.50, 8.50 and 7.00 %; acid insoluble ash 3.50, 2.50 and 2.00 %; alcohol extractive of 17.00, 15.00 and 7.00 % and sulphated ash 2.50, 2.00 and 0.10 % respectively. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the leaf and stem revealed the presence of carbohydrate, alkaloid, saponins, glycosides, resins, tannins steroids and terpenoids. While that of root shows presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, resins, steroids and terpenoids. These findings are of importance in the establishment of diagnostic indices for the identification and standardization of the plant.

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