摘要：

To promote the green development of building materials, this study develops a novel and sustainable method for incorporating coconut-derived biochar (BC) in supersulfated cement (SSC). Moreover, the solid waste desulfurized gypsum is used as a sulfate activator. The macroscopic experimental results show that the addition of 2% biochar can reduce the fluidity of composites by 12.5% but increase the 28-day compressive and flexural strength by 10.3% and 19.1%, respectively. Hydration heat analysis show that biochar can increase the maximum heat release of SSC. XRD patterns and TGA analysis indicate that 2% biochar can improve the hydration degree of cement where the bound water content is increased by 8.9%. SEM observations and 1H NMR spectrum suggest that although biochar can compact the microstructure, it increases the harmful and multiple harmful pores ratio. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis considering greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, cost, fluidity, and mechanical properties is performed to evaluate the BC-SSC composites. The results prove that BC-modified SSC has significantly lower environmental pollution and resource consumption than ordinary Portland cement, but the cost may be increased.

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