Discovery of the Novel Candidate Phylum \"Poribacteria\" in Marine Sponges
摘要：
Marine sponges (Porifera) harbor large amounts of commensal microbial communities within the sponge mesohyl. We employed 16S rRNA gene library construction using specific PUR primers to provide insights into the phylogenetic identity of an abundant sponge-associated bacterium that is morphologically characterized by the presence of a membrane-bound nucleoid. In this study, we report the presence of a previously unrecognized evolutionary lineage branching deeply in the domain Bacteria that is moderately related to the Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Chlamydia lines of decent. Because members of this lineage showed <75% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to known bacterial phyla, we suggest the status of a new candidate phylum, named "Poribacteria", to acknowledge the affiliation of the new bacterium with sponges. The affiliation of the morphologically conspicuous sponge bacterium with the novel phylogenetic lineage was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization with newly designed probes targeting different sites of the poribacterial 16S rRNA. Consistent with electron microscopic observations of cell compartmentalization, the fluorescence signals appeared in a ring-shaped manner. PCR screening with "Poribacteria"-specific primers gave positive results for several other sponge species, while samples taken from the environment (seawater, sediments, and a filterfeeding tunicate) were PUR negative. In addition to a report for Planctomycetes, this is the second report of cell compartmentalization, a feature that was considered exclusive to the eukaryotic domain, in prokaryotes.
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关键词：
Animals Bacteria DNA, Ribosomal RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Microscopy, Electron Sequence Analysis, DNA Seawater Phylogeny Molecular Sequence Data In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
DOI：
10.1128/AEM.70.6.3724-3732.2004
被引量：
年份：
2004
万方医学
doi.org
Semantic Scholar
dx.doi.org
Oxford Univ Press
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