摘要：

A monoplacophoran species and about 100 species of gastropods are recorded from hydrothermal vents and various kinds of seeps from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Previously described species are supplemented with new information on distribution, ecology, morphology, and systematics. The zoogeography of these faunas is discussed and it is noticed that there is a good resemblance in generic composition between the vent and seep localities, while the species usually occur in only one of the two environments. More than 95% of the species found in vents have not been found outside this environment, and the endemic species make up more than 99.5% of the individuals. The fauna of the seeps is less well demarcated. Two species of Provanna (Caenogastropoda, Provannidae) are recorded from sunken drift wood in the NE Pacific. The genus was previously thought to be endemic to vent and seep environments. The fauna of the recently investigated vent system at the East Pacific Rise, 17°S is very similar to that of the more northern (9-21°N) localities; 14 species out of 16 are shared. Available evidence for a hypothesized relict character of the gastropod fauna is evaluated and failed to support the hypothesis. Spermatophores were found in Melanodrymia sp., the first known case in Neomphalina. A possible case of imposex is reported from the conid genus Phymorhynchus. The first monoplacophoran from hydrothermal vents is described, Rokopella segonzaci, sp. nov. (Family Neopilinidae), from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at about 38°N. The following new gastropod taxa are described. Patellogastropoda. Family Neolepetopsidae: Paralepetopsis ferrugivora, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 37°N; P. lepichoni, sp. nov., from the Nankai Trough off south-eastern Honshu, Japan. Vetigastropoda. Family uncertain: Adeuomphalus trochanter, sp. nov., from the Juan de Fuca Ridge; Sahlingia xandaros, gen. et sp. nov., from the Aleutian Trench. Family Lepetodrilidae: Lepetodrilus atlanticus, sp. nov., from the Mid Atlantic Ridge, 23-38°N. Family Sutilizonidae: Sutilizona pterodon, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 23°N; S. tunnicliffae, sp. nov., from the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Skeneidae: Bruceiella athlia, sp. nov., from seeps in the Aleutian Trench. Trochidae: Falsimargarita nauduri, sp. nov., from vents at the East Pacific Rise at 17°S; Fucaria mystax, sp. nov., from vents off eastern New Guinea. Uncertain position. Family Neomphalidae: Melanodrymia galeronae, sp. nov., from the East Pacific Rise at 13°N; Retiskenea diploura, gen. et sp. nov., from the Aleutian Trench; Lacunoides vitreus, sp. nov., from the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Family Peltospiridae: Lirapex costellata, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 37°N; Nodopelta rigneae, sp. nov., from the East Pacific Rise at 13°N; Peltospira smaragdina, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 15-38°N. Depressigyra? statura Goedert & Benham, 1999, from Eocene seep deposits in the state of Washington is transferred to Retiskenea. Neritimorpha. Family Phenacolepadidae: Shinkailepas briandi, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 15-38°N. Caenogastropoda. Family Cerithiopsidae: Speculator cariosus, gen. et sp. nov. from the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Family Vitrinellidae: Neusas, gen. nov., marshalli (Sykes, 1925), from the bathyal Northeast Atlantic. Family Elachisinidae: Laeviphitus desbruyeresi, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 37°N. Buccinidae: Bayerius peruvianus, sp. nov., from seeps off Peru; Eosipho auzendei, sp. nov., from vents at the East Pacific Rise at 17°S. Conidae: Bathybela papyracea, sp. nov., from Gulf of California, off Jalisco; Phymorhynchus major, sp. nov., from the East Pacific Rise at 13°N; P. carinatus, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 15-23°N; P. ovatus, sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 15-37°N. Heterobranchia. Family Hyalogyrinidae: Hyalogyrina globularis, sp. nov., from the Juan de Fuca Ridge; H. umbellifera, sp. nov., from seeps in the Aleutian Trench. Family Orbitestellidae: Lurifax vitreus, gen. et sp. nov., from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 37-38°N. Family Xylodisculidae: X

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