摘要：

Male-produced pheromone components have been identified from several species of agriculturally important stink bugs, including the red-shouldered stink bug Thyanta pallidovi- rens, the green stink bug Acrosternum hilare, the conchuela stink bug Chlorochroa ligata, Uh - ler's stink bug C. uhleri, and Say's stink bug C. sayi. The pheromone of T. pallidovirens consists of a thermally unstable ester, methyl (2 E,4Z,6Z)-decatrienoate, in combination with one, two, or all of the sesquiterpenes zingiberene, sesquiphellandrene, and α-curcumene. The pheromone at- tracted only females, as well as a specialist predator, the sphecid wasp Astata occidentalis. The pheromone of A. hilare consisted of two isomers, (4 S)-cis- and (4S)-trans-(Z)-bisabolene epox- ides, in a 19:1 ratio. Both compounds were required for attraction of females. Male C. sayi pro- duced methyl geranate as a major component, with traces of two other components, methyl citro- nellate and methyl dihydrofarnesoate. Only methyl geranate appeared to be required for attrac - tion. Males of C. uhleri and C. ligata produced very similar blends, with methyl dihydrofarneso - ate as the major component, and methyl farnesoate and a novel compound, methyl (E)-5-2,6,10- trimethyl-5,9-undecadienoate, as minor components. Only methyl dihydrofarnesoate appeared to be required for attraction of females. Overall, relatively low numbers of bugs were caught in field trials of pheromone-bai ted traps, probably due in part to inefficient trap designs. In addition, phytophagous stink bugs communicate over shorter distances by means of substrate-bor ne vibra - tional signals, and these signals may be critically important in attracting bugs right up to pheromone sources. Examples of the vibrational signals for two species, Nezara viridula and A. hilare, are given.

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