摘要：

Summary Influenza, the disease commonly known as flu, is a viral infection of the respiratory tract. Its common symptoms are fever, myalgia, headache, and pharyngitis. The influenza viruses belong to the Orthomyxoviridae family and can be classified based on their internal proteins and surface glycoproteins as influenza A, B, or C. X-ray crystal structure studies of influenza A/N2, A/N9, and B sialidases bound with α-Neu5Ac shows that the active site contains 18 invariant amino acid residues that either interact with the bound α-Neu5Ac or support these residues. These residues are conserved in all strains of influenza A and B viruses, suggesting their involvement in the enzymatic activity. The crystal structure studies led to the opportunity for structure-based design and development of influenza virus sialidase inhibitors. This chapter discusses the various methods for synthesis of antiviral inhibitors, developed by targeting the influenza virus sialidase.

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