The explosive eruption of Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, West Indies, 17 September, 1996

来自 EBSCO

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作者：

R Robertson，P Cole，RSJ Sparks，C Harford，AM Lejeune，McGuire, W. J.，AD Miller，MD Murphy，G Norton，NF Stevens

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摘要：

On 17 September 1996 the Soufriere Hills Volcano started a 9 hour period of dome collapse involving 11.7 × 10m (DRE) of lava. After 2.5 hours of quiescence a sustained explosive eruption began. Estimated eruption parameters are: plume height at least 11.3 km and a maximum of 15 km; 180 m/s for launch velocities of ballistic clasts; peak explosion pressure of 27.5 MPa; magma water contents of 2.5-5% magma discharge rates from 2300 to 4300 m/s ejecta volume of 3.2 (± 0.9) × 10m (DRE). Ejecta consists of pumice (ρ =1160 kg/m), higher density vesiculated ejecta (ρ =1300 to 2000 kg/m), dense glassy clasts (ρ =2600 kg/m), breccias cut by tuffisite veins and hydrothermally altered lithics. The ejecta are interpreted as a conduit assemblage with evacuation of the conduit down to depths of about 3 to 5 km. The eruption was triggered by unloading of a gas pressurised conduit due to dome collapse.

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关键词：

Dinar normal earthquakes strong ground motion Turkey

DOI：

10.1029/98GL01442

被引量：

343

年份：

1998