摘要：

Grass Hmong (Cao Miao) on the boundary of three provinces, Hunan, Guangxi and Guizhou, is a special branch of official Hmong Nationality. They have the customs of Han, Hmong and Kam, and speak Kam, so this population shall be one of the most mixed populations in China, and will be quite valuable to academic studies of ethnology and population genetics. Three kinds of characters of Grass Hmong in Rongshui Guangxi were studied with principle component analysis. Ychromosome single nucleotide acid polymorphism haplotypes show Grass Hmong is consistent to Han Chinese, and different from HmongMien and KamTai. Physical characters of Grass Hmong are also listed in this paper. The facial features of Grass Hmong is found fairly close to KamTai populations. Grass Hmong's dermatoglyphy is close to HmongMien populations. This reveals that the paternal ancestors of Grass Hmong shall come from Han, and maternal members may be from Hmong at the beginning which made them identify with Hmong, when they lived in the surrounding of Kam later they accepted some Kam members and Kam language. The complex genetic structure of Grass Hmong clues on the continual intercourse between ethnic groups in China, and this complexity must be noticed during ethnic headstream studies.

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