摘要：

The large-scale conversion of biomass to alcohol fuels generates substantial quantities by-product lignins. The form and structure of these lignins depends upon the source of the biomass, the conversion process, and the conditions of operation. A high by-product credit for these biomass lignins significantly enhances the economics of alcohol fuels processes. The existing and potential markets for lignins can be classified into polymers, modified polymers, prepolymers, and low-molecular-weight chemicals, and fuels. Two promising large-volume applications for lignins are plywood and particle-board adhesives ad extenders for asphalt in pavement mixtures. Results of research on lignin-based adhesives and asphalts will be reported. In the case of asphalt, up to 40% of the asphalt content of mixes could be replaced by lignin without loss of stability. 8 figures, 1 table.

展开