Coffee Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review

来自 EBSCO

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136

作者：

RM van Dam，FB Hu

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摘要：

CONTEXT: Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that higher coffee consumption may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes and related outcomes. DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION: We searched MEDLINE through January 2005 and examined the reference lists of the retrieved articles. Because this review focuses on studies of habitual coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, we excluded studies of type 1 diabetes, animal studies, and studies of short-term exposure to coffee or caffeine, leaving 15 epidemiological studies (cohort or cross-sectional). DATA EXTRACTION: Information on study design, participant characteristics, measurement of coffee consumption and outcomes, adjustment for potential confounders, and estimates of associations wased independently by 2 investigators. DATA SYNTHESIS: We identified 9 cohort studies of coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes, including 193 473 participants and 8394 incident cases of type 2 diabetes, and calculated summary relative risks (RRs) using a random-effects model. The RR of type 2 diabetes was 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54-0.78) for the highest (>or=6 or >or=7 cups per day) and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62-0.83) for the second highest (4-6 cups per day) category of coffee consumption compared with the lowest consumption category (0 or <or=2 cups per day). These associations did not differ substantially by sex, obesity, or region (United States and Europe). In the cross-sectional studies conducted in northern Europe, southern Europe, and Japan, higher coffee consumption was consistently associated with a lower prevalence of newly detected hyperglycemia, particularly postprandial hyperglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review supports the hypothesis that habitual coffee consumption is associated with a substantially lower risk of type 2 diabetes. Longer-term intervention studies of coffee consumption and glucose metabolism are warranted to examine the mechanisms underlying the relationship between coffee consumption and type 2 diabetes.

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关键词：

Animals Cattle Histocompatibility Antigens Class II Breeding Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid Gene Frequency Haplotypes Heterozygote Polymorphism, Genetic Alleles