Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry
摘要：
Microwave (MW) radiation is an unconventional energy source whose applications in organic synthesis are well established.1 MW irradiation is a method to introduce energy into reactions by exploiting the ability of some compounds (liquids or solids) to transform electromagnetic energy into heat.2The use of microwave irradiation has led to a significant added value in chemistry and also to the introduction of new concepts, mainly because the absorption and transmission of the energy is completely different from the conventional mode of heating. Conventional forms of heating are rather slow and inefficient methods for transferring energy into a reaction mixture. In contrast, MW irradiation produces efficient internal heating by direct coupling of MW energy with the molecules that are present in the reaction mixture. The magni- tude of the energy transfer is dependent on the dielectric pro- perties of the molecules; as a guide, compounds with high dielectric constants tend to absorb the MW energy whereas less polar substances and highly ordered crystalline materials are poor absorbers. In this way, absorption of the radiation and heating may be performed selectively.
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