Structure Functions of the Nucleon and their Interpretation

来自 EBSCO

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作者：

COOPER-SARKAR, A. M.，DEVENISH, R. C. E.，DE ROECK, A.

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摘要：

The current status of measurements of the nucleon structure functions and their understanding is reviewed. The fixed target experiments E665, CCFR and NMC and the HERA experiments H1 and ZEUS are discussed in some detail. The extraction of parton momentum distribution functions from global fits is described, with particular attention paid to much improved information on the gluon momentum distribution. The status of u03b1s measurements from deep inelastic data is reviewed. Models and nonperturbative approaches for the parton input distributions are outlined. The impact on the phenomenology of QCD of the data at very low values of the Bjorken x variable is discussed in detail. Recent advances in the understanding of the transition from deep inelastic scattering to photoproduction are summarized. Some brief comments are made on the recent HERA measurements of the ep NC and CC cross-sections at very high Q2.

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关键词：

Experimental/ deep inelastic scattering nucleons parton model quantum chromodynamics structure functions/ nucleon structure functions parton momentum distribution functions gluon momentum distribution quantum chromodynamics QCD deep inelastic scattering/ A1340F Electromagnetic form factors electric and magnetic moments structure functions A1420E Protons A1420C Neutrons A1360H Total and inclusive cross sections A1235H Phenomenological composite models of particle structure and reactions (partons, bags, etc.) A1235E Applications of quantum chromodynamics to particle properties and reactions