摘要：

Contents Foreword ..................................................................................7 Acknowledgements ...................................................................9 Note ........................................................................................9 Introduction .............................................................................11 Chapter 1: Overview of the drugs situation in the CEECs - situation and responses Historical overview ....................................................................13 Thematic analysis of situation and responses............................. 17 Public health and social policy: key challenges for the future........ 31 Chapter 2: Drug and alcohol use among young people Main findings ............................................................................35 Comparative analysis of available data ........................................37 Health and social consequences ................................................40 Demand and harm reduction responses ......................................41 Conclusions .............................................................................44 Chapter 3: Drug-related infectious diseases Introduction ..............................................................................47 Prevalence of and trends in HIV infection .....................................48 Prevalence of and trends in hepatitis C infection ...........................49 Hepatitis B infection ..................................................................50 Tuberculosis and other diseases ................................................51 Drug-related infectious diseases¿ risk behaviour ...........................51 Substitution treatment ...............................................................54 Vaccination against hepatitis B ..................................................54 Access to counselling and testing ..............................................55 Access to treatment .................................................................55 Summary and conclusions ........................................................55 Chapter 4: Characteristics of drug strategies in the acceding and candidate countries Introduction ..............................................................................59 Legislation ...............................................................................59 National drug strategies .............................................................60 Conclusions ..............................................................................68 Bibliography ..............................................................................73 National focal points in the acceding and candidate countries ........77

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