摘要：

The article discusses the results epidemiological studies that showed the association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and comorbidities. Some comorbidities associated with COPD include cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis and muscle weakness. The association between comorbidities and COPD are attributed to environmental risk factors, physical inactivity and ageing. The authors claim that reducing common risk factors is key to reduce comorbidities.

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