Membrane potential and cancer progression

来自 EBSCO

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227

作者：

M Yang，WJ Brackenbury

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摘要：

Membrane potential (Vm), the voltage across the plasma membrane, arises because of the presence of different ion channels/transporters with specific ion selectivity and permeability.Vmis a key biophysical signal in non-excitable cells, modulating important cellular activities, such as proliferation and differentiation. Therefore, the multiplicities of various ion channels/transporters expressed on different cells are finely tuned in order to regulate theVm. It is well-established that cancer cells possess distinct bioelectrical properties. Notably, electrophysiological analyses in many cancer cell types have revealed a depolarizedVmthat favors cell proliferation. Ion channels/transporters control cell volume and migration, and emerging data also suggest that the level ofVmhas functional roles in cancer cell migration. In addition, hyperpolarization is necessary for stem cell differentiation. For example, both osteogenesis and adipogenesis are hindered in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) under depolarizing conditions. Therefore, in the context of cancer, membrane depolarization might be important for the emergence and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs), giving rise to sustained tumor growth. This review aims to provide a broad understanding of theVmas a bioelectrical signal in cancer cells by examining several key types of ion channels that contribute to its regulation. The mechanisms by whichVmregulates cancer cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation will be discussed. In the long term,Vmmight be a valuable clinical marker for tumor detection with prognostic value, and could even be artificially modified in order to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis.

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关键词：

cancer cell cycle differentiation ion channel membrane potential migration proliferation stem cell