摘要：

Dexmedetomidine is a novel and highly selective a2-adrenoceptor agonist. Dexmedetomidine offers beneficial pharmacological properties, providing dose-dependent sedation, analgesia, sympatholysis and without relevant respiratory depression. Dexmedetomidine was approved for sedation in the intensive care unit in the USA in 1999. The 'off-label' use of dexmedetomidine during the perioperative period has proved that it can attenuate hemodynamic responses to anesthesia and surgery, decrease sympathetic tone, reduce anesthetic and opioid requirements and prevent postanesthetic shivering. This review aims to present and discuss the pharmacological properties and perioperative use of dexmedetomidine.

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