Reactivation of latent leishmaniasis by inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase

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摘要：

BACKGROUND: Patients attending for endoscopy are generally anxious and worried. AIMS: To examine whether music reduced anxiety levels in patients attending for endoscopic procedures. METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled trial of 180 patients (M:F 81:99). The effect of age (< or = or >51 years) and procedure (gastroscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy) on anxiety levels (state-trait anxiety inventory) on arrival in the unit and immediately before the endoscopy procedure, after listening to music or no music (control group) for the same period. RESULTS: At baseline, anxiety levels were not influenced by age (< or =51 years, n = 56:42.21 +/- 9.18; >51 years, n = 124:39.99 +/- 10.13 (P = 0.15) or procedure: gastroscopy, n = 87:39.43 +/- 9.9, flexible sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy: n = 93:41.86 +/- 9.75 (P = 0.98). No difference was found in anxiety scores in the control group (n = 88) at baseline and immediately pre-endoscopy (P = 0.243), but music led to a significant reduction in anxiety scores (n = 92), which was maintained for all age groups irrespective of procedure (all P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety levels in patients attending for endoscopy were not influenced by age or procedure, but were significantly reduced by listening to music compared to controls. The availability of music within the endoscopy unit is a simple strategy that will improve the well-being of patients.

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hypertension hereditary disease pseudoaldosteronism kidney amiloride

DOI：

10.1084/jem.183.4.1501

被引量：

643

年份：

1996