Fe-Zeolite Functionality, Durability, and Deactivation Mechanisms in the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx with Ammonia
出版社：
Springer New York
摘要：
Since the introduction of the first emissions control regulations in the 1970s and 1980s [ 1 ], catalysis has been implemented extensively to maintain compliance and dramatically reduce the harmful pollutants emitted from combustion engines. For stoichiometric exhaust, primarily from gasoline-powered vehicles, precious metals, or platinum-group metals (PGM), such as Pt, Pd, and Rh, have been the hallmark of three-way catalysis, e.g., [ 2 – 4 ], as they are highly active in oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HCs) as well as the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO x ). The chemistry behind these reactions is equilibrium driven, as the more benign products of CO 2 , H 2 O, and N 2 are thermodynamically favored. However, these catalysts only function properly if the exhaust is at or near stoichiometric conditions. As a result, gasoline vehicle manufacturers began designing their engine control systems to operate with stoichiometric air/fuel ratios to optimize catalyst performance and minimize emissions. The need for more fuel-efficient vehicles, both with respect to increasing fuel costs and future CO 2 emissions regulations, is driving vehicle manufacturers to investigate more efficient combustion strategies, such as lean-burn gasoline, or increase production of more fuel-efficient diesel vehicles.
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出版时间：
2014
ISBN：
978-1-4899-8070-0
被引量：
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