摘要：

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 106.Seafloor spreading at mid-ocean ridges was recognized more than 30 years ago as the key which unlocked the plate tectonic revolution. Ridges are not only the locus of the most voluminous magmatic activity on Earth, but they are also the largest and most active extensional tectonic regime on the planet. The abyssal hills of the seafloor, formed at mid-ocean ridges, are the most widespread morphologic features on the planet. Beneath these ridges, oceanic lithosphere forms nearly 60% of the volume of the Earth's rigid outer shell. As impressive as this may be, it is worth recalling that similar volumes have been created repeatedly in the cycle of spreading and subduction of oceanic tracts that characterizes plate tectonics.PrefaceW. Roger Buck, P aul T . Delaney, Jeffrey A . Karson, YvesLagabrielle viiGlobal Systematics of Mid-Ocean Ridge MorphologyChristopher Small 1Linkages Between Faulting, Vlcanism, HydrothermalActivity and Segmentation on Fast Spreading CentersKen C. Macdonald 27Magmatism at Mid-Ocean Ridges: Constraints fromVolcanological and Geochemical InvestigationsMichael R. Perfit and William W. Chadwick, Jr 59Geological Consequences of Dike Intrusion at Mid-OceanRidge Spreading CentersDaniel Curewitz and Jeffrey A. Karson 117Formation and Development of Fissures at the East PacificRise: Implications for Faulting and Magmatism atMid-Ocean RidgesDawn J. Wright 137Ultramafic-Mafic Plutonic Rock Suites Exposed Along theMid-Atlantic Ridge (10°N-30°N)Symmetrical-Asymmetrical Distribution and Implications forSeafloor Spreading ProcessesYves L'agabrielle, Daniel Bideau, Mathilde Cannat, Jeffrey A.Karson, and Catherin Mevel 153Internal Structure of Oceanic Lithosphere: A Perspective from Tectonic WindowsJeffrey A . Karson 177Structure of Modern Oceanic Crust and Ophiolites andImplications for Faulting and Magmatism atOceanic Spreading CentersYildirim Dilek, Eldridge M. Moores, and Harald Furnes219Periodic Formation of Magma Fractures and Generation of LayeredGabbros in the Lower Crust BeneathOceanic Spreading RidgesPeter B. Kelemen and Einat Aharanov 267The Rheology of the Lower Oceanic Crust: Implications forLithospheric Deformation at Mid-Ocean RidgesGreg Hirth, Javier Escartin and Jian Lin 291Mechanics of Stretching Elastic-Plastic-Vicous Layers:Applications to Slow-Spreading Mid-Ocean RidgesAlexei N. B. Poliakov and W. Roger Buck 305Normal Fault Growth in Three Dimensions in Continental andOceanic CrustPatience A. Cowie 325

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