Layer-by-layer assembly as a versatile bottom-up nanofabrication technique for exploratory research and realistic application

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作者：

K Ariga，JP Hill，Q Ji

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摘要：

The layer-by-layer LbL adsorption technique offers an easy and inexpensive process for multilayer formation and allows a variety of materials to be incorporated within the film structures. Therefore, the LbL assembly method can be regarded as a versatile bottom-up nanofabrication technique. Research fields concerned with LbL assembly have developed rapidly but some important physicochemical aspects remain uninvestigated. In this review, we will introduce several examples from physicochemical investigations regarding the basics of this method to advanced research aimed at practical applications. These are selected mostly from recent reports and should stimulate many physical chemists and chemical physicists in the further development of LbL assembly. In order to further understand the mechanism of the LbL assembly process, theoretical work, including thermodynamics calculations, has been conducted. Additionally, the use of molecular dynamics simulation has been proposed. Recently, many kinds of physicochemical molecular interactions, including hydrogen bonding, charge transfer interactions, and stereo-complex formation, have been used. The combination of the LbL method with other fabrication techniques such as spin-coating, spraying, and photolithography has also been extensively researched. These improvements have enabled preparation of LbL films composed of various materials contained in well-designed nanostructures. The resulting structures can be used to investigate basic physicochemical phenomena where relative distances between interacting groups is of great importance. Similarly, LbL structures prepared by such advanced techniques are used widely for development of functional systems for physical applications from photovoltaic devices and field effect transistors to biochemical applications including nano-sized reactors and drug delivery systems.

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关键词：

Bibliography, Practical/ adsorption drug delivery systems field effect transistors microassembling molecular dynamics method nanotechnology photolithography thermodynamics/ versatile bottom-up nanofabrication layer-by-layer assembly exploratory research realistic application layer-by-layer adsorption multilayer formation thermodynamics calculations molecular dynamics simulation physicochemical molecular interactions hydrogen bonding charge transfer interactions stereo-complex formation spin-coating spraying photolithography photovoltaic devices field effect transistors biochemical applications nanosized reactors drug delivery/ A8116 Methods of nanofabrication and processing B2575F Fabrication of micromechanical devices A6845D Adsorption and desorption kinetics evaporation and condensation A0570 Thermodynamics B0520X Other thin film deposition techniques A8115 Methods of thin film deposition A8265M Sorption and accommodation coefficients (surface chemistry)