Continuing increases in autism reported to California's developmental services system: mercury in retrograde.
摘要：
ContextPrevious analyses of autism client data reported to the California Department of Developmental Services (DDS) have been interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that autism is caused by exposure to the preservative thimerosal, which contains ethylmercury. The exclusion of thimerosal from childhood vaccines in the United States was accelerated from 1999 to 2001. The Immunization Safety Review Committee of the Institute of Medicine has recommended surveillance of trends in autism as exposure to thimerosal during early childhood has decreased.ObjectiveTo determine whether trends in DDS autism client data support the hypothesis that thimerosal exposure is a primary cause of autism.Design, Setting, and PatientsStudy of time trends in the prevalence by age and birth cohort of children with autism who were active status clients of the DDS from January 1, 1995, through March 31, 2007.Main Outcome MeasurePrevalence of autism among children with active status in the DDS.ResultsThe estimated prevalence of autism for children at each year of age from 3 to 12 years increased throughout the study period. The estimated prevalence of DDS clients aged 3 to 5 years with autism increased for each quarter from January 1995 through March 2007. Since 2004, the absolute increase and the rate of increase in DDS clients aged 3 to 5 years with autism were higher than those in DDS clients of the same ages with any eligible condition including autism.ConclusionsThe DDS data do not show any recent decrease in autism in California despite the exclusion of more than trace levels of thimerosal from nearly all childhood vaccines. The DDS data do not support the hypothesis that exposure to thimerosal during childhood is a primary cause of autism.
展开
关键词：
Humans Thimerosal Preservatives, Pharmaceutical Prevalence Vaccines Autistic Disorder Child Health Services Child Child, Preschool Social Work
DOI：
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2007.1
被引量：
年份：
2008
JAMA
(全网免费下载)
国家科技图书文献中心
(权威机构)
archpsyc.jamanetwork.com
archpsyc.jamanetwork.com
(全网免费下载)
Semantic Scholar
查看更多
万方医学
dx.doi.org
NCBI
Oxford Univ Press
NCBI
Europe PMC
DOAJ
ResearchGate
Citeseer
Citeseer
(全网免费下载)
mendeley.com
fourteenstudies.org
(全网免费下载)
学术范
(全网免费下载)
fourteenstudies.com
(全网免费下载)
s3.amazonaws.com
(全网免费下载)
fourteenstudies.org
(全网免费下载)
deepdyve.com
学术范
readcube.com
www.socolar.com
mich.gov
(全网免费下载)
archpsyc.ama-assn.org
cdph.ca.gov
(全网免费下载)
pnas.org
pediatrics.aappublications.org
whilesciencesleeps.com
(全网免费下载)
path.org
nejm.org
mysciencework.com
en.zl50.com
cdph.ca.gov
(全网免费下载)
mi.gov
(全网免费下载)
revistanutrire.org.br
scienceopen.com
bases.bireme.br
onAcademic
while-science-sleeps.com
(全网免费下载)
michigan.gov
(全网免费下载)
JAMA
(全网免费下载)
archpsyc.jamanetwork.com
(全网免费下载)
Citeseer
(全网免费下载)
whilesciencesleeps.com
(全网免费下载)
cdph.ca.gov
(全网免费下载)
fourteenstudies.org
(全网免费下载)
cdph.ca.gov
(全网免费下载)
mi.gov
(全网免费下载)
fourteenstudies.com
(全网免费下载)
s3.amazonaws.com
(全网免费下载)
michigan.gov
(全网免费下载)
fourteenstudies.org
(全网免费下载)
mich.gov
(全网免费下载)
while-science-sleeps.com
(全网免费下载)
学术范
(全网免费下载)
通过文献互助平台发起求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。
相似文献
参考文献
引证文献
来源期刊
引用走势
站内活动
辅助模式
引用
文献可以批量引用啦~
欢迎点我试用！
