摘要：

Objective: To study the expression of RET,Mucin 1 and Galectin 3 proteins in thyroid follicular tumors and nodular goiter,looking for valuable diagnostic markers to distinguish the benign lesions from the malignant ones.Methods:By means of immunohistochemical streptavidin/peroxidase (S P) technique,19 cases of nodular goiters,54 cases of thyroid adenomas(including 19 cases of atypical adenomas),43 cases of papillary carcinomas(including 11 cases of papillary microcarcinomas) and 16 cases of follicular carcinomas were examed to detect the expression of RET,Mucin 1 and Galectin 3 proteins.Results:There were significant differences between benign and malignant lesions concerning the expression of 3 proteins( P 0.01).The positive rate of malignant groups was higher than that of benign ones,but there was no difference in each group itself( P 0.05).All (11 cases) microcarcinomas were positive of Galectin 3,8 cases of RET and 3 cases of Mucin 1.Although no statistical difference was found between nodular goiter and thyroid carcinoma( P 0.05),the former was chiefly weak positive reaction and the latter mostly showed strong ones.Expression of Galectin 3 in atypical adenoma was higher compared to adenoma ( P 0.05),and had no significant difference compared to carcinoma( P 0.05).Some adenomas was simultaneously positive of Mucin 1 and Galectin 3.Conclusion:Combined tests of RET,Mucin 1 and Galectin 3 may act to distinguish benign lesions from malignant tumors in clinical pathology.Galectin 3 is more sensitive than RET.The malignant follicular tumors with higher expression of Mucin 1 indicates dedifferentiation,invasion and metastasis.Atypical adenoma positive of Galectin 3 should be a borderline lesion between follicular adenoma and carcinoma.Mucin 1 and Galectin 3 positive simultaneously should take as the high risk state of thyroid carcinoma.

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